Sensorless contact forces estimation method for robotic manipulators using dual-stage temporal-residual neural network compensation
Duan, M., Zhou, Y., and Cheung, Y.H., IP.PA.12872, “Sensorless contact forces estimation method for robotic manipulators using dual-stage temporal-residual neural network compensation,” US Provisional Application 64/041,767 (filed Apr 2026); CN Application 202611125274.2 (filed Jul 2026).